Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a broad group of neurodevelopmental disorders that result in deficits in social communication and social interaction and in restricted repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, and activities. ASD begins prenatally and is associated with morphological abnormalities and changes in functioning in the developing brain. The lack of social engagement is perplexing and demoralizing to family members who seek to make meaningful contact with their children. Advances in genetics, neuroimaging, neuropathology, neurochemistry, and animal models are leading to better understanding of the neurobiology. The diagnostic criteria in DSM-5 TR designate a broad spectrum with elimination of earlier subtypes. Early initiation of psychosocial treatments and careful psychopharmacological management of cooccurring diagnoses are required for the best behavioral outcomes.
Original language | English (US) |
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Title of host publication | Neurobiology of Brain Disorders |
Subtitle of host publication | Biological Basis of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Second Edition |
Publisher | Elsevier |
Pages | 69-88 |
Number of pages | 20 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9780323856546 |
ISBN (Print) | 9780323898256 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jan 1 2022 |
Keywords
- Autism spectrum disorder
- DSM-5 TR
- Leo Kanner
- Neurobiology
- Neuroimaging
- Neuropathology
- Oxytocin
- Proton spectroscopy
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Neuroscience