Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders typically diagnosed in childhood and adolescence. In this chapter we begin by setting the stage for the practical discussion of clinical decision-making recommendations to follow through discussing the scientist-practitioner framework under which we practice, and how it influences our clinical decision-making. This is followed by a discussion of the role that the referral question and source play in the clinical decision-making process. A brief overview of the state of the science in ADHD follows. These sections lay the foundation for the remaining three sections of the chapter which detail clinical reasoning considerations regarding (1) the diagnostic framework of ADHD, (2) assessment of ADHD, and (3) treatment of ADHD. Considerations around the diagnostic framework that warrant discussion include the dimensional nature and lack of specificity of symptoms, the role of typical neurodevelopment, complications related to the amount of variability in inattention, and patient age. Discussion of assessment will address common assessment components such as clinical interview, rating scales, and performance-based testing. The value of these components in differential diagnosis is covered, as is how to go about putting together an assessment battery and what to do when results of the various components of your battery do not agree with one another. Finally, the section on treatment highlights clinical decision-making considerations for medication, behavioral treatment, school supports, and lifestyle management, as well as how to decide which treatment options are most appropriate for which patients. Two case examples illustrate the concepts discussed throughout.
Original language | English (US) |
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Title of host publication | Clinical Reasoning and Decision-Making Process |
Subtitle of host publication | Child and Adolescent Assessment and Intervention |
Publisher | Elsevier |
Pages | 149-207 |
Number of pages | 59 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9780443135521 |
ISBN (Print) | 9780443135538 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jan 1 2024 |
Keywords
- ADHD
- assessment
- clinical decision-making
- clinical reasoning
- treatment
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Psychology