TY - JOUR
T1 - Astaxanthin, a natural antioxidant, lowers cholesterol and markers of cardiovascular risk in individuals with prediabetes and dyslipidaemia
AU - Ciaraldi, Theodore P.
AU - Boeder, Schafer C.
AU - Mudaliar, Sunder R.
AU - Giovannetti, Erin R.
AU - Henry, Robert R.
AU - Pettus, Jeremy H.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by an award from Fuji Chemical Industries Co., Ltd. The sponsors had no involvement in the design and execution of the study or the analysis and interpretation of the results. The project described was partially supported by the National Institutes of Health (Grant UL1TR001442). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.
Funding Information:
We thank Todd May and Adrienne Armstrong for their work as study coordinators, Debra Armstrong and Paivi Burke for their nursing expertise in assisting with study visits including clamp studies, and Leslie Carter for technical assistance. This work was supported by an award from Fuji Chemical Industries Co., Ltd. The sponsors had no involvement in the design and execution of the study or the analysis and interpretation of the results. The project described was partially supported by the National Institutes of Health (Grant UL1TR001442). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PY - 2023/7
Y1 - 2023/7
N2 - Aim: To determine the effects of astaxanthin treatment on lipids, cardiovascular disease (CVD) markers, glucose tolerance, insulin action and inflammation in individuals with prediabetes and dyslipidaemia. Materials and Methods: Adult participants with dyslipidaemia and prediabetes (n = 34) underwent baseline blood draw, an oral glucose tolerance test and a one-step hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp. They were then randomized (n = 22 treated, 12 placebo) to receive astaxanthin 12 mg daily or placebo for 24 weeks. Baseline studies were repeated after 12 and 24 weeks of therapy. Results: After 24 weeks, astaxanthin treatment significantly decreased low-density lipoprotein (−0.33 ± 0.11 mM) and total cholesterol (−0.30 ± 0.14 mM) (both P <.05). Astaxanthin also reduced levels of the CVD risk markers fibrinogen (−473 ± 210 ng/mL), L-selectin (−0.08 ± 0.03 ng/mL) and fetuin-A (−10.3 ± 3.6 ng/mL) (all P <.05). While the effects of astaxanthin treatment did not reach statistical significance, there were trends toward improvements in the primary outcome measure, insulin-stimulated, whole-body glucose disposal (+0.52 ± 0.37 mg/m2/min, P =.078), as well as fasting [insulin] (−5.6 ± 8.4 pM, P =.097) and HOMA2-IR (−0.31 ± 0.16, P =.060), suggesting improved insulin action. No consistent significant differences from baseline were observed for any of these outcomes in the placebo group. Astaxanthin was safe and well tolerated with no clinically significant adverse events. Conclusions: Although the primary endpoint did not meet the prespecified significance level, these data suggest that astaxanthin is a safe over-the-counter supplement that improves lipid profiles and markers of CVD risk in individuals with prediabetes and dyslipidaemia.
AB - Aim: To determine the effects of astaxanthin treatment on lipids, cardiovascular disease (CVD) markers, glucose tolerance, insulin action and inflammation in individuals with prediabetes and dyslipidaemia. Materials and Methods: Adult participants with dyslipidaemia and prediabetes (n = 34) underwent baseline blood draw, an oral glucose tolerance test and a one-step hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp. They were then randomized (n = 22 treated, 12 placebo) to receive astaxanthin 12 mg daily or placebo for 24 weeks. Baseline studies were repeated after 12 and 24 weeks of therapy. Results: After 24 weeks, astaxanthin treatment significantly decreased low-density lipoprotein (−0.33 ± 0.11 mM) and total cholesterol (−0.30 ± 0.14 mM) (both P <.05). Astaxanthin also reduced levels of the CVD risk markers fibrinogen (−473 ± 210 ng/mL), L-selectin (−0.08 ± 0.03 ng/mL) and fetuin-A (−10.3 ± 3.6 ng/mL) (all P <.05). While the effects of astaxanthin treatment did not reach statistical significance, there were trends toward improvements in the primary outcome measure, insulin-stimulated, whole-body glucose disposal (+0.52 ± 0.37 mg/m2/min, P =.078), as well as fasting [insulin] (−5.6 ± 8.4 pM, P =.097) and HOMA2-IR (−0.31 ± 0.16, P =.060), suggesting improved insulin action. No consistent significant differences from baseline were observed for any of these outcomes in the placebo group. Astaxanthin was safe and well tolerated with no clinically significant adverse events. Conclusions: Although the primary endpoint did not meet the prespecified significance level, these data suggest that astaxanthin is a safe over-the-counter supplement that improves lipid profiles and markers of CVD risk in individuals with prediabetes and dyslipidaemia.
KW - antidiabetic drug
KW - cardiovascular disease
KW - clinical trial
KW - dyslipidaemia
KW - type 2 diabetes
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U2 - 10.1111/dom.15070
DO - 10.1111/dom.15070
M3 - Article
C2 - 36999233
AN - SCOPUS:85153526193
SN - 1462-8902
VL - 25
SP - 1985
EP - 1994
JO - Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
JF - Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
IS - 7
ER -