TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations of HDL, HDL2, and HDL3 cholesterol and apolipoproteins A-I and B with lifestyle factors in healthy women and men
T2 - The Stanford Five City Project
AU - Gardner, Christopher D.
AU - Tribble, Diane L.
AU - Young, Deborah Rohm
AU - Ahn, David
AU - Fortmann, Stephen P.
N1 - Funding Information:
1The Stanford Five City Project was supported by Public Health Service Grant HL21906 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Dr. Gardner was supported by Institutional National Research Service Award 5 T32 HL07034 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and by a Postdoctoral Fellowship Award from the American Heart Association, California Affiliate, No. 95-89. Dr. Tribble was supported by Public Health Service Grant Hl54606-01A1.
PY - 2000
Y1 - 2000
N2 - Background. Measures of the two major high-density lopoprotein (HDL) subfractions, HDL2 and HDL3, and the major apolipoproteins of HDL and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), Apo A-I and Apo B, may be etiologically coronary ar-important factors in the development of tery disease. The association of lifestyle factors with these lipoprotein-related variables remains unclear. Methods. HDL-C, HDL2-C, HDL3-C, Apo A-I, and Apo B levels were determined in a population-based sample of 1,027 healthy women and men aged 25-64 years, from four California cities who participated in the 1989/1990 survey of the Stanford Five City Project. In this cross-sectional study we examined the independent associations of these lipoprotein-related variables with body mass index (BMI), cigarette smoking, daily energy expenditure, alcohol intake, dietary intake, and hormone use (oral contraceptives and estrogen replacement therapy). Results. In general, BMI and alcohol intake were the strongest independent predictors of the lipoprotein-related variables. The negative association of BMI with HDL-C was attributable primarily to the association with the HDL2-C subfraction, while for alcohol intake the positive association with HDL-C was attributable primely to the association with HDL3-C, particularly in men. Among men, but not women, energy expenditure was a significant independent predictor of each of the lipoprotein-related variables, with positive associations observed for HDL-C, HDL2-C, HDL3-C, and Apo A-I and a negative association observed for Apo B (P < 0.005). Conclusions. Data from this population-based sample suggest that specific lifestyle factors are more strongly associated with some lipoprotein-related variables than with others, with notable gender differences. (C) 2000 American Health Foundation and Academic Press.
AB - Background. Measures of the two major high-density lopoprotein (HDL) subfractions, HDL2 and HDL3, and the major apolipoproteins of HDL and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), Apo A-I and Apo B, may be etiologically coronary ar-important factors in the development of tery disease. The association of lifestyle factors with these lipoprotein-related variables remains unclear. Methods. HDL-C, HDL2-C, HDL3-C, Apo A-I, and Apo B levels were determined in a population-based sample of 1,027 healthy women and men aged 25-64 years, from four California cities who participated in the 1989/1990 survey of the Stanford Five City Project. In this cross-sectional study we examined the independent associations of these lipoprotein-related variables with body mass index (BMI), cigarette smoking, daily energy expenditure, alcohol intake, dietary intake, and hormone use (oral contraceptives and estrogen replacement therapy). Results. In general, BMI and alcohol intake were the strongest independent predictors of the lipoprotein-related variables. The negative association of BMI with HDL-C was attributable primarily to the association with the HDL2-C subfraction, while for alcohol intake the positive association with HDL-C was attributable primely to the association with HDL3-C, particularly in men. Among men, but not women, energy expenditure was a significant independent predictor of each of the lipoprotein-related variables, with positive associations observed for HDL-C, HDL2-C, HDL3-C, and Apo A-I and a negative association observed for Apo B (P < 0.005). Conclusions. Data from this population-based sample suggest that specific lifestyle factors are more strongly associated with some lipoprotein-related variables than with others, with notable gender differences. (C) 2000 American Health Foundation and Academic Press.
KW - Apolipoproteins
KW - Diet
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Exercise
KW - Hormones
KW - Lifestyle
KW - Lipids
KW - Lipoprot eins
KW - Men
KW - Risk factors
KW - Smoking
KW - Women
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U2 - 10.1006/pmed.2000.0716
DO - 10.1006/pmed.2000.0716
M3 - Article
C2 - 11006059
AN - SCOPUS:0033815107
SN - 0091-7435
VL - 31
SP - 346
EP - 356
JO - Preventive Medicine
JF - Preventive Medicine
IS - 4
ER -