TY - JOUR
T1 - Association of Marijuana Use with Changes in Cognitive Processing Speed and Flexibility for 17 Years in HIV-Seropositive and HIV-Seronegative Men
AU - Okafor, Chukwuemeka N.
AU - Plankey, Michael W.
AU - Li, Michael
AU - Chen, Xinguang
AU - Surkan, Pamela J.
AU - Shoptaw, Steve
AU - Martin, Eileen
AU - Cohen, Ronald
AU - Sacktor, Ned
AU - Cook, Robert L.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health [Grant Nos. P30MH058107, T32MH080634]; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [Grant No. U24-AA022002]; National Institute on Drug Abuse [Grant No. F31-DA039810]. C.N.O. is supported by the UCLA Postdoctoral Fellowship Training Program in Global HIV Prevention Research (Currier and Gorbach, PIs) [Grant No. T32MH080634].
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
PY - 2019/3/21
Y1 - 2019/3/21
N2 - Background: The long-term effects of marijuana on cognition, particularly in the context of HIV is not clear, as extant research shows mixed findings. Objective: To determine associations between current and cumulative exposure to marijuana and changes in cognitive processing speed and flexibility in 788 HIV-seropositive (HIV+) and 1,132 HIV-seronegative (HIV−) men followed for up to 17 years in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Results: Among HIV+ men only, current daily marijuana use compared to none-use, was significantly associated with a greater annual percentage decline in cognitive processing speed assessed with the Trail Making Test A (TMTA) (β=−0.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.88, −0.03, p=0.03)] and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) (β= −0.14, 95% CI: −0.28, −0.01, p=0.04). Further, monthly marijuana use was associated with greater annual percentage decline in cognitive flexibility assessed with the Trail Making Test B (TMTB) (β= −0.70, 95% CI: −1.34, −0.05; p=0.03] and cognitive processing speed (SDMT) (β= −0.21, 95% CI: −0.40, −0.01, p=0.03). Among the HIV− men only, each 5-marijuana use-years (equivalent to 5-years of daily marijuana use) was significantly associated with a 0.17 annual percentage decline in cognitive processing speed only (TMTA) (β= −0.18, 95% CI: −0.36, −0.01; p=0.04). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that marijuana use, particularly current use, may be associated with worse cognitive processing speed, but the magnitude of the estimates was not clinically meaningful.
AB - Background: The long-term effects of marijuana on cognition, particularly in the context of HIV is not clear, as extant research shows mixed findings. Objective: To determine associations between current and cumulative exposure to marijuana and changes in cognitive processing speed and flexibility in 788 HIV-seropositive (HIV+) and 1,132 HIV-seronegative (HIV−) men followed for up to 17 years in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Results: Among HIV+ men only, current daily marijuana use compared to none-use, was significantly associated with a greater annual percentage decline in cognitive processing speed assessed with the Trail Making Test A (TMTA) (β=−0.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.88, −0.03, p=0.03)] and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) (β= −0.14, 95% CI: −0.28, −0.01, p=0.04). Further, monthly marijuana use was associated with greater annual percentage decline in cognitive flexibility assessed with the Trail Making Test B (TMTB) (β= −0.70, 95% CI: −1.34, −0.05; p=0.03] and cognitive processing speed (SDMT) (β= −0.21, 95% CI: −0.40, −0.01, p=0.03). Among the HIV− men only, each 5-marijuana use-years (equivalent to 5-years of daily marijuana use) was significantly associated with a 0.17 annual percentage decline in cognitive processing speed only (TMTA) (β= −0.18, 95% CI: −0.36, −0.01; p=0.04). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that marijuana use, particularly current use, may be associated with worse cognitive processing speed, but the magnitude of the estimates was not clinically meaningful.
KW - HIV
KW - Marijuana
KW - cognition
KW - longitudinal
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U2 - 10.1080/10826084.2018.1495736
DO - 10.1080/10826084.2018.1495736
M3 - Article
C2 - 30700235
AN - SCOPUS:85060844917
SN - 1082-6084
VL - 54
SP - 525
EP - 537
JO - Substance Use and Misuse
JF - Substance Use and Misuse
IS - 4
ER -