TY - JOUR
T1 - Anxiety rating scales in Parkinson's disease
T2 - Critique and recommendations
AU - Leentjens, Albert F G
AU - Dujardin, Kathy
AU - Marsh, Laura
AU - Martinez-Martin, Pablo
AU - Richard, Irene H.
AU - Starkstein, Sergio E.
AU - Weintraub, Daniel
AU - Sampaio, Christina
AU - Poewe, Werner
AU - Rascol, Oliver
AU - Stebbins, Glenn T.
AU - Goetz, Christopher G.
PY - 2008/10/30
Y1 - 2008/10/30
N2 - Anxiety syndromes are common in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) with up to 30% suffering from panic disorder, and up to 11% from generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Anxiety is associated with increased subjective motor symptoms, more severe gait problems, dyskinesias, freezing, and on/off fluctuations. Anxiety has a negative impact on health related quality of life and is strongly associated with depressive syndromes. Since a variety of anxiety scales have been used in PD patients, the Movement Disorder Society commissioned a task force to assess the clinimetric properties of these scales in PD. A systematic review was conducted to identify anxiety scales that have either been validated or used in patients with PD. Six anxiety rating scales were identified. These were the Beck anxiety inventory, the hospital anxiety and depression scale, the Zung self-rating anxiety scale and anxiety status inventory, the Spielberger state trait anxiety inventory, and the Hamilton anxiety rating scale. In addition, Item 5 (anxiety) of the neuropsychiatric inventory was included in the review. No scales met the criteria to be "recommended," and all scales were classified as "suggested." Essential clinimetric information is missing for all scales. Because several scales exist and have been used in PD, the task force recommends further studies of these instruments. If these studies show that the clinimetric properties of existing scales are inadequate, development of a new scale to assess anxiety in PD should be considered.
AB - Anxiety syndromes are common in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) with up to 30% suffering from panic disorder, and up to 11% from generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Anxiety is associated with increased subjective motor symptoms, more severe gait problems, dyskinesias, freezing, and on/off fluctuations. Anxiety has a negative impact on health related quality of life and is strongly associated with depressive syndromes. Since a variety of anxiety scales have been used in PD patients, the Movement Disorder Society commissioned a task force to assess the clinimetric properties of these scales in PD. A systematic review was conducted to identify anxiety scales that have either been validated or used in patients with PD. Six anxiety rating scales were identified. These were the Beck anxiety inventory, the hospital anxiety and depression scale, the Zung self-rating anxiety scale and anxiety status inventory, the Spielberger state trait anxiety inventory, and the Hamilton anxiety rating scale. In addition, Item 5 (anxiety) of the neuropsychiatric inventory was included in the review. No scales met the criteria to be "recommended," and all scales were classified as "suggested." Essential clinimetric information is missing for all scales. Because several scales exist and have been used in PD, the task force recommends further studies of these instruments. If these studies show that the clinimetric properties of existing scales are inadequate, development of a new scale to assess anxiety in PD should be considered.
KW - Anxiety
KW - Clinimetrics
KW - Depression
KW - Parkinson's disease
KW - Psychometrics
KW - Rating scales
KW - Reliability
KW - Validity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=57049168125&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=57049168125&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/mds.22233
DO - 10.1002/mds.22233
M3 - Article
C2 - 18792121
AN - SCOPUS:57049168125
SN - 0885-3185
VL - 23
SP - 2015
EP - 2025
JO - Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society
JF - Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society
IS - 14
ER -