TY - JOUR
T1 - Analysis of Non-Game Injuries in Major League Baseball
AU - Esquivel, Amanda
AU - Freehill, Michael T.
AU - Curriero, Frank C.
AU - Rand, Kevin L.
AU - Conte, Stan
AU - Tedeschi, Thomas
AU - Lemos, Stephen E.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge the Major League Baseball Players Association and Major League Baseball for their ongoing support and review of this work.
Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge the Major League Baseball Players Association and Major League Baseball for their ongoing support and review of this work. One or more of the authors has declared the following potential conflict of interest or source of funding: The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (JHBSPH) has an ongoing (≥5 years) contractual arrangement with Major League Baseball to provide injury, epidemiological, and biostatistical support for research related to player health and safety. M.T.F. has received grant support from DJO, consulting fees from Medical Device Business Systems (DePuy) and Smith & Nephew, speaking fees from Integra, and hospitality payments from Wright Medical. F.C.C. is a full-time faculty member in the Department of Epidemiology at the JHBSPH and receives partial salary support for his efforts in these endeavors, which included his involvement in the current study. S.E.L. has received educational support from Pinnacle and hospitality payments from Smith & Nephew. AOSSM checks author disclosures against the Open Payments Database (OPD). AOSSM has not conducted an independent investigation on the OPD and disclaims any liability or responsibility relating thereto. Ethical approval for this study was waived by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (No. 0004130).
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2019.
PY - 2019/12/1
Y1 - 2019/12/1
N2 - Background: Numerous studies have investigated injuries and treatments in the baseball athlete. The majority of these studies have focused on the throwing shoulder and elbow. However, more recent literature is reporting injuries to other regions in this cohort, including the knee, head, hip, and hamstring. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of the current study was to determine the number and type of injuries in Major League Baseball (MLB) and Minor League Baseball (MiLB) players that do not occur during the actual game but are related to baseball participation. Our hypothesis was that there would be a substantial number of injuries that occurred in professional baseball players during non-game situations. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: Deidentified, anonymous data were collected from the 2011 through 2016 seasons from the MLB Health and Injury Tracking System (HITS) medical record database. All injuries that were identified as a primary diagnosis and resulted in at least 1 day out of play from both MLB and MiLB were examined. Injuries were categorized as occurring during the game (“game” injuries) or not during the game. A “non-game” injury was defined as occurring at any time other than during the scheduled game from the first to last pitch. Results: There were 51,548 total injuries in MLB and MiLB players from 2011 to 2016, almost 40% of which were attributed to non–game-related injuries (n = 19,201; 37.2%). The remainder occurred during a game (n = 32,347; 62.8%). A significantly greater percentage of non-game injuries were season ending (10.8%) compared with the percentage of game-related season-ending injuries (8.4%) (P <.0001). Pitchers had significantly more non–game-related injuries than game-related injuries (P <.0001). Conclusion: A large number of injuries occur in professional baseball outside of actual games. MiLB players, specifically pitchers, are particularly at risk for these types of injuries. It is feasible that the overall injury rate in professional baseball players could be reduced by analyzing these injuries in more detail to develop prevention strategies.
AB - Background: Numerous studies have investigated injuries and treatments in the baseball athlete. The majority of these studies have focused on the throwing shoulder and elbow. However, more recent literature is reporting injuries to other regions in this cohort, including the knee, head, hip, and hamstring. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of the current study was to determine the number and type of injuries in Major League Baseball (MLB) and Minor League Baseball (MiLB) players that do not occur during the actual game but are related to baseball participation. Our hypothesis was that there would be a substantial number of injuries that occurred in professional baseball players during non-game situations. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: Deidentified, anonymous data were collected from the 2011 through 2016 seasons from the MLB Health and Injury Tracking System (HITS) medical record database. All injuries that were identified as a primary diagnosis and resulted in at least 1 day out of play from both MLB and MiLB were examined. Injuries were categorized as occurring during the game (“game” injuries) or not during the game. A “non-game” injury was defined as occurring at any time other than during the scheduled game from the first to last pitch. Results: There were 51,548 total injuries in MLB and MiLB players from 2011 to 2016, almost 40% of which were attributed to non–game-related injuries (n = 19,201; 37.2%). The remainder occurred during a game (n = 32,347; 62.8%). A significantly greater percentage of non-game injuries were season ending (10.8%) compared with the percentage of game-related season-ending injuries (8.4%) (P <.0001). Pitchers had significantly more non–game-related injuries than game-related injuries (P <.0001). Conclusion: A large number of injuries occur in professional baseball outside of actual games. MiLB players, specifically pitchers, are particularly at risk for these types of injuries. It is feasible that the overall injury rate in professional baseball players could be reduced by analyzing these injuries in more detail to develop prevention strategies.
KW - MLB
KW - Major League Baseball Health and Injury Tracking System
KW - baseball injuries
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U2 - 10.1177/2325967119888499
DO - 10.1177/2325967119888499
M3 - Article
C2 - 31909052
AN - SCOPUS:85077197047
SN - 2325-9671
VL - 7
JO - Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine
JF - Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine
IS - 12
ER -