TY - JOUR
T1 - Ambient particulate matter air pollution is associated with increased risk of papillary thyroid cancer
AU - Karzai, Shkala
AU - Zhang, Zhenyu
AU - Sutton, Whitney
AU - Prescott, Jason
AU - Segev, Dorry L.
AU - McAdams-DeMarco, Mara
AU - Biswal, Shyam S.
AU - Ramanathan, Murugappan
AU - Mathur, Aarti
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2022/1
Y1 - 2022/1
N2 - Background: The association between exposure to air pollution and papillary thyroid carcinoma is unknown. We sought to estimate the relationship between long-term exposure to the fine (diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) particulate matter component of air pollution and the risk of papillary thyroid cancer. Methods: Adult (age ≥18) patients with newly diagnosed papillary thyroid carcinoma between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2016 across a single health system were identified using electronic medical records. Data from 1,990 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma were compared with 3,980 age- and sex-matched control subjects without any evidence of thyroid disease. Cumulative fine (diameter <2.5 μm) particulate matter exposure was estimated by incorporating patients’ residential zip codes into a deep learning neural networks model, which uses both meteorological and satellite-based measurements. Conditional logistic regression was performed to assess for association between papillary thyroid carcinoma and increasing fine (diameter ≤2.5 μm) particulate matter concentrations over 1, 2, and 3 years of cumulative exposure preceding papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosis. Results: Increased odds of developing papillary thyroid carcinoma was associated with a 5 μg/m3 increase of fine (diameter ≤2.5 μm) particulate matter concentrations over 2 years (adjusted odds ratio = 1.18, 95% confidence interval: 1.00–1.40) and 3 years (adjusted odds ratio = 1.23, 95% confidence interval: 1.05–1.44) of exposure. This risk differed by smoking status (pinteraction = 0.04). Among current smokers (n = 623), the risk of developing papillary thyroid carcinoma was highest (adjusted odds ratio = 1.35, 95% confidence interval: 1.12–1.63). Conclusion: Increasing concentration of fine (diameter ≤2.5 μm) particulate matter in air pollution is significantly associated with the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma with 2 and 3 years of exposure. Our novel findings provide additional insight into the potential associations between risk factors and papillary thyroid carcinoma and warrant further investigation, specifically in areas with high levels of air pollution both nationally and internationally.
AB - Background: The association between exposure to air pollution and papillary thyroid carcinoma is unknown. We sought to estimate the relationship between long-term exposure to the fine (diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) particulate matter component of air pollution and the risk of papillary thyroid cancer. Methods: Adult (age ≥18) patients with newly diagnosed papillary thyroid carcinoma between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2016 across a single health system were identified using electronic medical records. Data from 1,990 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma were compared with 3,980 age- and sex-matched control subjects without any evidence of thyroid disease. Cumulative fine (diameter <2.5 μm) particulate matter exposure was estimated by incorporating patients’ residential zip codes into a deep learning neural networks model, which uses both meteorological and satellite-based measurements. Conditional logistic regression was performed to assess for association between papillary thyroid carcinoma and increasing fine (diameter ≤2.5 μm) particulate matter concentrations over 1, 2, and 3 years of cumulative exposure preceding papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosis. Results: Increased odds of developing papillary thyroid carcinoma was associated with a 5 μg/m3 increase of fine (diameter ≤2.5 μm) particulate matter concentrations over 2 years (adjusted odds ratio = 1.18, 95% confidence interval: 1.00–1.40) and 3 years (adjusted odds ratio = 1.23, 95% confidence interval: 1.05–1.44) of exposure. This risk differed by smoking status (pinteraction = 0.04). Among current smokers (n = 623), the risk of developing papillary thyroid carcinoma was highest (adjusted odds ratio = 1.35, 95% confidence interval: 1.12–1.63). Conclusion: Increasing concentration of fine (diameter ≤2.5 μm) particulate matter in air pollution is significantly associated with the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma with 2 and 3 years of exposure. Our novel findings provide additional insight into the potential associations between risk factors and papillary thyroid carcinoma and warrant further investigation, specifically in areas with high levels of air pollution both nationally and internationally.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.surg.2021.05.002
DO - 10.1016/j.surg.2021.05.002
M3 - Article
C2 - 34210530
AN - SCOPUS:85108964386
SN - 0039-6060
VL - 171
SP - 212
EP - 219
JO - Surgery (United States)
JF - Surgery (United States)
IS - 1
ER -