Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs in about half of critically ill patients and is associated with high in-hospital mortality, increased long-term mortality postdischarge, and subsequent progression to chronic kidney disease. Numerous clinical studies have shown that AKI is often complicated by dysfunction of distant organs, which is a cause of the high mortality incidence associated with AKI. Experimental studies have elucidated many mechanisms of AKI-induced distant organ injury, which include inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and immune responses. This review provides an update on evidence of organ crosstalk and potential therapeutics for AKI-induced organ injuries, and presents the new concept of a systemic organ network that balances homeostasis and involves multi-organ crosstalk beyond that of the kidney with a single distant organ.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1041-1055 |
Number of pages | 15 |
Journal | Kidney international |
Volume | 103 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jun 2023 |
Keywords
- acute kidney injury
- immune cells
- inflammatory cytokines
- oxidative stress
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Nephrology