ABO blood group and SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in a convalescent donor population

Evan M. Bloch; Eshan U. Patel; Christi Marshall; Kirsten Littlefield; Ruchika Goel; Brenda J. Grossman; Jeffrey L. Winters; Ruchee Shrestha; Imani Burgess; Oliver B. Laeyendecker; Shmuel Shoham; David Sullivan; Eric Gehrie; Andrew Redd; Thomas C Quinn; Arturo Casadevall; Andrew Pekosz; Aaron A.R. Tobian

doi:10.1111/vox.13070

ABO blood group and SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in a convalescent donor population

Evan M. Bloch, Eshan U. Patel, Christi Marshall, Kirsten Littlefield, Ruchika Goel, Brenda J. Grossman, Jeffrey L. Winters, Ruchee Shrestha, Imani Burgess, Oliver B. Laeyendecker, Shmuel Shoham, David Sullivan, Eric Gehrie, Andrew Redd, Thomas C Quinn, Arturo Casadevall, Andrew Pekosz, Aaron A.R. Tobian

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background and Objectives: ABO blood group may affect risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or severity of COVID-19. We sought to determine whether IgG, IgA and neutralizing antibody (nAb) to SARS-CoV-2 vary by ABO blood group. Materials and Methods: Among eligible convalescent plasma donors, ABO blood group was determined via agglutination of reagent A1 and B cells, IgA and IgG were quantified using the Euroimmun anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA, and nAb titres were quantified using a microneutralization assay. Differences in titre distribution were examined by ABO blood group using non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis tests. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) of high nAb titre (≥1:160) were estimated by blood group using multivariable modified Poisson regression models that adjusted for age, sex, hospitalization status and time since SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Results: Of the 202 potential donors, 65 (32%) were blood group A, 39 (19%) were group B, 13 (6%) were group AB, and 85 (42%) were group O. Distribution of nAb titres significantly differed by ABO blood group, whereas there were no significant differences in anti-spike IgA or anti-spike IgG titres by ABO blood group. There were significantly more individuals with high nAb titre (≥1:160) among those with blood group B, compared with group O (aPR = 1·9 [95%CI = 1·1–3·3], P = 0·029). Fewer individuals had a high nAb titre among those with blood group A, compared with group B (aPR = 0·6 [95%CI = 0·4-1·0], P = 0·053). Conclusion: Eligible CCP donors with blood group B may have relatively higher neutralizing antibody titres. Additional studies evaluating ABO blood groups and antibody titres that incorporate COVID-19 severity are needed.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	766-773
Number of pages	8
Journal	Vox sanguinis
Volume	116
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/vox.13070
State	Published - Aug 2021

Keywords

ABO group
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
convalescent plasma
titre

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Hematology

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10.1111/vox.13070

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Bloch, E. M., Patel, E. U., Marshall, C., Littlefield, K., Goel, R., Grossman, B. J., Winters, J. L., Shrestha, R., Burgess, I., Laeyendecker, O. B., Shoham, S., Sullivan, D., Gehrie, E., Redd, A., Quinn, T. C., Casadevall, A., Pekosz, A., & Tobian, A. A. R. (2021). ABO blood group and SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in a convalescent donor population. Vox sanguinis, 116(7), 766-773. https://doi.org/10.1111/vox.13070

Bloch, EM , Patel, EU, Marshall, C, Littlefield, K, Goel, R, Grossman, BJ, Winters, JL, Shrestha, R, Burgess, I, Laeyendecker, OB, Shoham, S , Sullivan, D, Gehrie, E, Redd, A, Quinn, TC, Casadevall, A , Pekosz, A & Tobian, AAR 2021, 'ABO blood group and SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in a convalescent donor population', Vox sanguinis, vol. 116, no. 7, pp. 766-773. https://doi.org/10.1111/vox.13070

@article{af0c9ab144f54f699fc2b2cfd3ee9a9f,

title = "ABO blood group and SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in a convalescent donor population",

abstract = "Background and Objectives: ABO blood group may affect risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or severity of COVID-19. We sought to determine whether IgG, IgA and neutralizing antibody (nAb) to SARS-CoV-2 vary by ABO blood group. Materials and Methods: Among eligible convalescent plasma donors, ABO blood group was determined via agglutination of reagent A1 and B cells, IgA and IgG were quantified using the Euroimmun anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA, and nAb titres were quantified using a microneutralization assay. Differences in titre distribution were examined by ABO blood group using non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis tests. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) of high nAb titre (≥1:160) were estimated by blood group using multivariable modified Poisson regression models that adjusted for age, sex, hospitalization status and time since SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Results: Of the 202 potential donors, 65 (32%) were blood group A, 39 (19%) were group B, 13 (6%) were group AB, and 85 (42%) were group O. Distribution of nAb titres significantly differed by ABO blood group, whereas there were no significant differences in anti-spike IgA or anti-spike IgG titres by ABO blood group. There were significantly more individuals with high nAb titre (≥1:160) among those with blood group B, compared with group O (aPR = 1·9 [95%CI = 1·1–3·3], P = 0·029). Fewer individuals had a high nAb titre among those with blood group A, compared with group B (aPR = 0·6 [95%CI = 0·4-1·0], P = 0·053). Conclusion: Eligible CCP donors with blood group B may have relatively higher neutralizing antibody titres. Additional studies evaluating ABO blood groups and antibody titres that incorporate COVID-19 severity are needed.",

keywords = "ABO group, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, convalescent plasma, titre",

author = "Bloch, {Evan M.} and Patel, {Eshan U.} and Christi Marshall and Kirsten Littlefield and Ruchika Goel and Grossman, {Brenda J.} and Winters, {Jeffrey L.} and Ruchee Shrestha and Imani Burgess and Laeyendecker, {Oliver B.} and Shmuel Shoham and David Sullivan and Eric Gehrie and Andrew Redd and Quinn, {Thomas C} and Arturo Casadevall and Andrew Pekosz and Tobian, {Aaron A.R.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 International Society of Blood Transfusion",

year = "2021",

month = aug,

doi = "10.1111/vox.13070",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "116",

pages = "766--773",

journal = "Vox sanguinis",

issn = "0042-9007",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd",

number = "7",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - ABO blood group and SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in a convalescent donor population

AU - Bloch, Evan M.

AU - Patel, Eshan U.

AU - Marshall, Christi

AU - Littlefield, Kirsten

AU - Goel, Ruchika

AU - Grossman, Brenda J.

AU - Winters, Jeffrey L.

AU - Shrestha, Ruchee

AU - Burgess, Imani

AU - Laeyendecker, Oliver B.

AU - Shoham, Shmuel

AU - Sullivan, David

AU - Gehrie, Eric

AU - Redd, Andrew

AU - Quinn, Thomas C

AU - Casadevall, Arturo

AU - Pekosz, Andrew

AU - Tobian, Aaron A.R.

PY - 2021/8

Y1 - 2021/8

N2 - Background and Objectives: ABO blood group may affect risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or severity of COVID-19. We sought to determine whether IgG, IgA and neutralizing antibody (nAb) to SARS-CoV-2 vary by ABO blood group. Materials and Methods: Among eligible convalescent plasma donors, ABO blood group was determined via agglutination of reagent A1 and B cells, IgA and IgG were quantified using the Euroimmun anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA, and nAb titres were quantified using a microneutralization assay. Differences in titre distribution were examined by ABO blood group using non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis tests. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) of high nAb titre (≥1:160) were estimated by blood group using multivariable modified Poisson regression models that adjusted for age, sex, hospitalization status and time since SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Results: Of the 202 potential donors, 65 (32%) were blood group A, 39 (19%) were group B, 13 (6%) were group AB, and 85 (42%) were group O. Distribution of nAb titres significantly differed by ABO blood group, whereas there were no significant differences in anti-spike IgA or anti-spike IgG titres by ABO blood group. There were significantly more individuals with high nAb titre (≥1:160) among those with blood group B, compared with group O (aPR = 1·9 [95%CI = 1·1–3·3], P = 0·029). Fewer individuals had a high nAb titre among those with blood group A, compared with group B (aPR = 0·6 [95%CI = 0·4-1·0], P = 0·053). Conclusion: Eligible CCP donors with blood group B may have relatively higher neutralizing antibody titres. Additional studies evaluating ABO blood groups and antibody titres that incorporate COVID-19 severity are needed.

AB - Background and Objectives: ABO blood group may affect risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or severity of COVID-19. We sought to determine whether IgG, IgA and neutralizing antibody (nAb) to SARS-CoV-2 vary by ABO blood group. Materials and Methods: Among eligible convalescent plasma donors, ABO blood group was determined via agglutination of reagent A1 and B cells, IgA and IgG were quantified using the Euroimmun anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA, and nAb titres were quantified using a microneutralization assay. Differences in titre distribution were examined by ABO blood group using non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis tests. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) of high nAb titre (≥1:160) were estimated by blood group using multivariable modified Poisson regression models that adjusted for age, sex, hospitalization status and time since SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Results: Of the 202 potential donors, 65 (32%) were blood group A, 39 (19%) were group B, 13 (6%) were group AB, and 85 (42%) were group O. Distribution of nAb titres significantly differed by ABO blood group, whereas there were no significant differences in anti-spike IgA or anti-spike IgG titres by ABO blood group. There were significantly more individuals with high nAb titre (≥1:160) among those with blood group B, compared with group O (aPR = 1·9 [95%CI = 1·1–3·3], P = 0·029). Fewer individuals had a high nAb titre among those with blood group A, compared with group B (aPR = 0·6 [95%CI = 0·4-1·0], P = 0·053). Conclusion: Eligible CCP donors with blood group B may have relatively higher neutralizing antibody titres. Additional studies evaluating ABO blood groups and antibody titres that incorporate COVID-19 severity are needed.

KW - ABO group

KW - COVID-19

KW - SARS-CoV-2

KW - convalescent plasma

KW - titre

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ABO blood group and SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in a convalescent donor population

Abstract

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