A systematic review of measures of end-of-life care and its outcomes

Richard A. Mularski, Sydney M. Dy, Lisa R. Shugarman, Anne M. Wilkinson, Joanne Lynn, Paul G. Shekelle, Sally C. Morton, Virginia C. Sun, Ronda G. Hughes, Lara K. Hilton, Margaret Maglione, Shannon L. Rhodes, Cony Rolon, Karl A. Lorenz

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

137 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective. To identify psychometrically sound measures of outcomes in end-of-life care and to characterize their use in intervention studies. Data Sources. English language articles from 1990 to November 2005 describing measures with published psychometric data and intervention studies of end-of-life care. Study Design. Systematic review of end-of-life care literature. Extraction Methods. Two reviewers organized identified measures into 10 major domains. Eight reviewers extracted and characterized measures from intervention studies. Principal Findings. Of 24,423 citations, we extracted 200 articles that described 261 measures, accepting 99 measures. In addition to 35 measures recommended in a prior systematic review, we identified an additional 64 measures of the end-of-life experience. The most robust measures were in the areas of symptoms, quality of life, and satisfaction; significant gaps existed in continuity of care, advance care planning, spirituality, and caregiver well-being. We also reviewed 84 intervention studies in which 135 patient-centered outcomes were assessed by 97 separate measures. Of these, 80 were used only once and only eight measures were used in more than two studies. Conclusions. In general, most measures have not undergone rigorous development and testing. Measure development in end-of-life care should focus on areas with identified gaps, and testing should be done to facilitate comparability across the care settings, populations, and clinical conditions. Intervention research should use robust measures that adhere to these standards.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1848-1870
Number of pages23
JournalHealth services research
Volume42
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 2007

Keywords

  • Dying
  • End-of-life care
  • Measures
  • Outcome and process assessment (health care)
  • Quality of health care

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Health Policy

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