TY - JOUR
T1 - A SAS macro for constrained randomization of group-randomized designs
AU - Chaudhary, M. Ashraf
AU - Moulton, Lawrence H.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported in part by NICHD grant R01-HD38209 and by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation as part of the Consortium to Respond Effectively to the AIDS-TB Epidemic (CREATE) project.
Copyright:
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2006/9
Y1 - 2006/9
N2 - Group-randomized study designs are useful when individually-randomized designs either are not possible, or will not be able to estimate the parameters of interest. Group-randomized trials often have small number of experimental units or groups and strong geographically-induced between-unit correlation, thereby increasing the chance of obtaining a "bad" randomization outcome. It has been suggested to highly constrain the design through restriction to those allocations that meet specified criteria based on certain covariates available at the baseline. We describe a SAS® macro that allocates treatment conditions in a two-arm stratified group-randomized design that ensures balance on relevant covariates. The application of the macro is illustrated using two examples of group-randomized designs.
AB - Group-randomized study designs are useful when individually-randomized designs either are not possible, or will not be able to estimate the parameters of interest. Group-randomized trials often have small number of experimental units or groups and strong geographically-induced between-unit correlation, thereby increasing the chance of obtaining a "bad" randomization outcome. It has been suggested to highly constrain the design through restriction to those allocations that meet specified criteria based on certain covariates available at the baseline. We describe a SAS® macro that allocates treatment conditions in a two-arm stratified group-randomized design that ensures balance on relevant covariates. The application of the macro is illustrated using two examples of group-randomized designs.
KW - Constrained randomization
KW - SAS
KW - Stratified group-randomized trial
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U2 - 10.1016/j.cmpb.2006.04.011
DO - 10.1016/j.cmpb.2006.04.011
M3 - Article
C2 - 16870302
AN - SCOPUS:33747855249
SN - 0169-2607
VL - 83
SP - 205
EP - 210
JO - Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
JF - Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
IS - 3
ER -