TY - JOUR
T1 - A Practical Approach to Severity Classification and Treatment of Dry Eye Disease
T2 - A Proposal from the Mexican Dry Eye Disease Expert Panel
AU - Rodriguez-Garcia, Alejandro
AU - Babayan-Sosa, Alejandro
AU - Ramirez-Miranda, Arturo
AU - Cruz-Valdes, Concepcion Santa
AU - Hernandez-Quintela, Everardo
AU - Hernandez-Camarena, Julio C.
AU - Ramos-Betancourt, Nallely
AU - Velasco-Ramos, Regina
AU - Ruiz-Lozano, Raul E.
N1 - Funding Information:
This project received an unrestricted grant from Laboratorios Théa México.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Rodriguez-Garcia et al.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Dry eye disease (DED) has a higher prevalence than many important systemic disorders like cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus, representing a significant quality of life burden for the affected patients. It is a common reason for consultation in general eye clinics worldwide. Nowadays, the diagnostic and therapeutic approach at the high corneal and ocular surface specialty level should be reserved for cases of severe and chronic dry eye disease associated with systemic autoimmune diseases or complicated corneal and ocular surface pathologies. In such cases, the diagnostic and therapeutic approach is often complex, elaborate, time-consuming, and costly due to the use of extensive dry eye questionnaires, noninvasive electronic diagnostic equipment, and clinical laboratory and ancillary tests. However, other eye care specialists attend a fair amount of DED cases; therefore, its diagnosis, classification, and management should be simple, practical, achievable, and effective. Considering that many patients attending non-specialized dry eye clinics would benefit from better ophthalmological attention, we decided to elaborate a practical DED classification system based on disease severity to help clinicians discriminate cases needing referral to subspecialty clinics from those they could attend. Additionally, we propose a systematic management approach and general management considerations to improve patients’ therapeutic outcomes according to disease severity.
AB - Dry eye disease (DED) has a higher prevalence than many important systemic disorders like cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus, representing a significant quality of life burden for the affected patients. It is a common reason for consultation in general eye clinics worldwide. Nowadays, the diagnostic and therapeutic approach at the high corneal and ocular surface specialty level should be reserved for cases of severe and chronic dry eye disease associated with systemic autoimmune diseases or complicated corneal and ocular surface pathologies. In such cases, the diagnostic and therapeutic approach is often complex, elaborate, time-consuming, and costly due to the use of extensive dry eye questionnaires, noninvasive electronic diagnostic equipment, and clinical laboratory and ancillary tests. However, other eye care specialists attend a fair amount of DED cases; therefore, its diagnosis, classification, and management should be simple, practical, achievable, and effective. Considering that many patients attending non-specialized dry eye clinics would benefit from better ophthalmological attention, we decided to elaborate a practical DED classification system based on disease severity to help clinicians discriminate cases needing referral to subspecialty clinics from those they could attend. Additionally, we propose a systematic management approach and general management considerations to improve patients’ therapeutic outcomes according to disease severity.
KW - Schirmer test
KW - dry eye disease
KW - dry eye questionnaire
KW - fluorescein staining
KW - tear breakup time
KW - tear osmolarity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85129643188&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85129643188&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2147/OPTH.S351898
DO - 10.2147/OPTH.S351898
M3 - Article
C2 - 35520107
AN - SCOPUS:85129643188
SN - 1177-5467
VL - 16
SP - 1331
EP - 1355
JO - Clinical Ophthalmology
JF - Clinical Ophthalmology
ER -