TY - JOUR
T1 - A model of human whole blood lymphokine release for in vitro and ex vivo use
AU - Hermann, Corinna
AU - Von Aulock, Sonja
AU - Graf, Kathrin
AU - Hartung, Thomas
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors are grateful for the excellent technical assistance of I. Seuffert and the help of K. Gollmer. This study was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Grant HA 2567/3-1).
PY - 2003/4/1
Y1 - 2003/4/1
N2 - Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) inducible cytokine release by human whole blood is increasingly used to model inflammatory responses in vitro, to detect the presence of pyrogenic contaminations as well as to monitor disease states or immunomodulatory treatments ex vivo. However, the LPS-stimulated blood model primarily allows the assessment of monocyte responses. Here, a whole blood model was established which allows assessment of lymphocyte responses. Four different superantigens, namely staphylococcal enterotoxin A and B (SEA, SEB), toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) or streptococcal exotoxin A (SPEA) were tested with respect to the induction of lymphokine release. All superantigens were capable of inducing significant amounts of the lymphokines interferon-γ (IFNγ), interleukin 2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and tumor necrosis factor β (TNFβ) after 72 h of incubation. Concentration-dependencies and kinetics were determined. Blood from 160 healthy donors was used to assess the variability of SEB-inducible lymphokine release. Interindividual differences were more pronounced compared to LPS-inducible monokine release. However, the individual response was maintained when blood from six donors was tested once a week for 8 weeks, suggesting that the individual response represents a donor characteristic. The model appears to be suitable for the evaluation of immunomodulatory agents in vitro as well as ex vivo.
AB - Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) inducible cytokine release by human whole blood is increasingly used to model inflammatory responses in vitro, to detect the presence of pyrogenic contaminations as well as to monitor disease states or immunomodulatory treatments ex vivo. However, the LPS-stimulated blood model primarily allows the assessment of monocyte responses. Here, a whole blood model was established which allows assessment of lymphocyte responses. Four different superantigens, namely staphylococcal enterotoxin A and B (SEA, SEB), toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) or streptococcal exotoxin A (SPEA) were tested with respect to the induction of lymphokine release. All superantigens were capable of inducing significant amounts of the lymphokines interferon-γ (IFNγ), interleukin 2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and tumor necrosis factor β (TNFβ) after 72 h of incubation. Concentration-dependencies and kinetics were determined. Blood from 160 healthy donors was used to assess the variability of SEB-inducible lymphokine release. Interindividual differences were more pronounced compared to LPS-inducible monokine release. However, the individual response was maintained when blood from six donors was tested once a week for 8 weeks, suggesting that the individual response represents a donor characteristic. The model appears to be suitable for the evaluation of immunomodulatory agents in vitro as well as ex vivo.
KW - Blood
KW - Exotoxin
KW - Immune test
KW - Lymphokines
KW - Superantigen
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U2 - 10.1016/S0022-1759(03)00003-6
DO - 10.1016/S0022-1759(03)00003-6
M3 - Article
C2 - 12667671
AN - SCOPUS:0037376810
SN - 0022-1759
VL - 275
SP - 69
EP - 79
JO - Journal of Immunological Methods
JF - Journal of Immunological Methods
IS - 1-2
ER -