TY - JOUR
T1 - A longitudinal study of the association between persistent pathogens and incident depression among older U.S. Latinos
AU - Simanek, Amanda M.
AU - Zheng, Cheng
AU - Yolken, Robert
AU - Haan, Mary
AU - Aiello, Allison E.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding for the SALSA study was aided by a grant from the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (R01AG012975). Additional support for this work came from P60 MD 002249 and R01DK087864 as well as the Stanley Medical Research Institute for Laboratory Testing.
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/5/1
Y1 - 2019/5/1
N2 - Depression is estimated to affect more than 6.5 million Americans 65 years of age and older and compared with non-Latino whites older U.S. Latinos have a greater incidence and severity of depression, warranting further investigation of novel risk factors for depression onset among this population. We used data on 771/1,789 individuals ≥60 years of age from the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging (1998-2008) who were tested for cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster, Helicobacter pylori, Toxoplasma gondii, and C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) level. Among those without elevated depressive symptoms at baseline, we examined the association between each pathogen, inflammatory markers and incident depression over up to nearly 10 years of follow-up using discrete-time logistic regression. We found that only CMV seropositivity was statistically significantly associated with increased odds of incident depression (odds ratio [OR]: 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00-1.90) in the total sample as well as among women only (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.01-2.86). These associations were not mediated by CRP or IL-6 levels. Our findings suggest that CMV seropositivity may serve as an important risk factor for the onset of depression among older U.S. Latinos, but act outside of inflammatory pathways.
AB - Depression is estimated to affect more than 6.5 million Americans 65 years of age and older and compared with non-Latino whites older U.S. Latinos have a greater incidence and severity of depression, warranting further investigation of novel risk factors for depression onset among this population. We used data on 771/1,789 individuals ≥60 years of age from the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging (1998-2008) who were tested for cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster, Helicobacter pylori, Toxoplasma gondii, and C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) level. Among those without elevated depressive symptoms at baseline, we examined the association between each pathogen, inflammatory markers and incident depression over up to nearly 10 years of follow-up using discrete-time logistic regression. We found that only CMV seropositivity was statistically significantly associated with increased odds of incident depression (odds ratio [OR]: 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00-1.90) in the total sample as well as among women only (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.01-2.86). These associations were not mediated by CRP or IL-6 levels. Our findings suggest that CMV seropositivity may serve as an important risk factor for the onset of depression among older U.S. Latinos, but act outside of inflammatory pathways.
KW - Cytomegalovirus
KW - Gender
KW - Inflammation
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U2 - 10.1093/gerona/gly172
DO - 10.1093/gerona/gly172
M3 - Article
C2 - 30084944
AN - SCOPUS:85067553898
SN - 1079-5006
VL - 74
SP - 634
EP - 641
JO - Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
JF - Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
IS - 5
ER -