A dietary pattern that lowers oxidative stress increases antibodies to oxidized LDL: Results from a randomized controlled feeding study

Edgar R. Miller, Thomas P. Erlinger, Frank M. Sacks, Laura P. Svetkey, Jeanne Charleston, Pao Hwa Lin, Lawrence J. Appel

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

58 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Oxidation of LDL (oxLDL) is thought to have an important role in early stages of atherogenesis. Antibody to oxLDL (Ab-oxLDL) has been proposed as a biomarker which might be directly associated with oxidative stress. Yet studies designed to test this hypothesis are lacking. We tested the hypothesis that consumption of a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables and reduced in saturated fat, total fat, and cholesterol will concomitantly reduce oxidative stress and Ab-oxLDL. Methods: One hundred and three healthy individuals were randomly assigned to consume a typical American (control) diet or the DASH diet rich in fruits, vegetables and low-fat dairy products and reduced in fat (27%), saturated fat (7%), and cholesterol (150 mg/day) for 3 months. Outcomes were urinary isoprostanes (in vivo marker of oxidative stress), oxygen radical absorbing capacity (ORAC, an in vitro assay measuring antioxidant activity in serum), and Ab-oxLDL measured at baseline, 1-3 months of feeding. Results: Compared to the control diet, consumption of the DASH diet significantly lowered urinary isoprostane (-226 pg/ml, 95% CI: -420 to -32, P = 0.023). Compared with the control group, change in ORAC was higher in the DASH group, 143 trolox units/ml (95% CI: -23 to 308, P = 0.091). In comparison with the control diet, increased titers of Ab-oxLDL (37 mU/ml [95% CI: 16-57, P = 0.006]) were seen after consumption of the DASH diet. Higher titers of Ab-oxLDL occurred at month 2 (56 mU/ml, 95% CI: 20-90, P = 0.004) and month 3 (41 mU/ml, 95% CI: -6 to 88, P = 0.082), after initially small increases at month 1 (20 mU/ml, 95% CI: -10 to 51, P = 0.176). End-of-study increases in AB-oxLDL were highly correlated with increased ORAC (Spearman's ρ = 0.46, P < 0.0001), but not with changes in specific carotenoids, tocopherols or with change in LDL cholesterol (each: P > 0.10). Conclusion: Consumption of a healthy diet replete in antioxidants reduced oxidative stress (urinary isoprostanes) yet increased Ab-oxLDL. This indirect association of Ab-oxLDL with urinary isoprostanes hinders use of Ab-oxLDL as a marker of oxidative damage.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)175-182
Number of pages8
JournalAtherosclerosis
Volume183
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 1 2005

Keywords

  • Antibody to oxidized LDL
  • Antioxidant
  • Clinical trial
  • Oxidative stress

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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