TY - JOUR
T1 - A Clinical Perspective on Arsenic Exposure and Development of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
AU - Kaur, Gurleen
AU - Desai, Karan P.
AU - Chang, Isabella Y.
AU - Newman, Jonathan D.
AU - Mathew, Roy O.
AU - Bangalore, Sripal
AU - Venditti, Ferdinand J.
AU - Sidhu, Mandeep S.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2023/12
Y1 - 2023/12
N2 - Cardiovascular risk has traditionally been defined by modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, such as tobacco use, hyperlipidemia, and family history. However, chemicals and pollutants may also play a role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Arsenic is a naturally occurring element that is widely distributed in the Earth’s crust. Inorganic arsenic (iAs) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, with chronic high-dose exposure to iAs (> 100 µg/L) being linked to CVD; however, whether low-to-moderate dose exposures of iAs (< 100 µg/L) are associated with the development of CVD is unclear. Due to limitations of the existing literature, it is difficult to define a threshold for iAs toxicity. Studies demonstrate that the effect of iAs on CVD is far more complex with influences from several factors, including diet, genetics, metabolism, and traditional risk factors such as hypertension and smoking. In this article, we review the existing data of low-to-moderate dose iAs exposure and its effect on CVD, along with highlighting the potential mechanisms of action.
AB - Cardiovascular risk has traditionally been defined by modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, such as tobacco use, hyperlipidemia, and family history. However, chemicals and pollutants may also play a role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Arsenic is a naturally occurring element that is widely distributed in the Earth’s crust. Inorganic arsenic (iAs) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, with chronic high-dose exposure to iAs (> 100 µg/L) being linked to CVD; however, whether low-to-moderate dose exposures of iAs (< 100 µg/L) are associated with the development of CVD is unclear. Due to limitations of the existing literature, it is difficult to define a threshold for iAs toxicity. Studies demonstrate that the effect of iAs on CVD is far more complex with influences from several factors, including diet, genetics, metabolism, and traditional risk factors such as hypertension and smoking. In this article, we review the existing data of low-to-moderate dose iAs exposure and its effect on CVD, along with highlighting the potential mechanisms of action.
KW - Arsenic
KW - Atherosclerosis
KW - Cardiovascular disease
KW - Cardiovascular toxicity
KW - Mechanism of action
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U2 - 10.1007/s10557-021-07313-9
DO - 10.1007/s10557-021-07313-9
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35029799
AN - SCOPUS:85123087047
SN - 0920-3206
VL - 37
SP - 1167
EP - 1174
JO - Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy
JF - Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy
IS - 6
ER -